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Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR)

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Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (TEVAR)

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Alert Indications, Safety, and Warnings

Minimally Invasive Alternative For Thoracic Aorta Repair    

Thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive alternative to major open surgery for the repair of the thoracic aorta that results in reduced recovery times and potentially improved survival rates.

Illustration showing a body with a thoracic aortic aneurysm

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA)

A thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a weak area of the aorta that will expand or bulge as blood is pumped through it. As the TAA grows, the wall of the aorta becomes weaker.  

If the TAA continues to grow, it could rupture and this would lead to large amounts of bleeding inside the body. An aneurysm rupture needs immediate medical attention because it can lead to death.

TAA CATEGORIES

TAAs are divided into three categories based on their location:

  • Ascending aortic
  • Aortic arch
  • Descending thoracic aneurysms (or thoracoabdominal aneurysms)

 

Causes

People are more likely to have a TAA if they1:

  • Are over 50
  • Are men
  • Have high blood pressure
  • Are smokers
  • Have a family member with TAA 

Symptoms

Most people with a TAA do not have symptoms. For those with symptoms, the most common are:

  • Hoarseness1
  • Difficulty swallowing2
  • Pain in the chest, back, side, or stomach1
  • The pain may range from mild to severe1

A TAA is often found during a CT scan being done for other unrelated reasons.1 

TAA Repair Procedures

Two of the most common methods of repairing TAAs are traditional open surgery and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). 

Open Surgery

In an open surgery, a large incision is made in the chest to treat a lesion by sewing in a fabric vascular graft.    

Illustration showing a body during open surgery for a thoracic aortic aneurysm

TEVAR Procedure

In the TEVAR procedure, a stent graft is inserted into the aneurysm through small incisions in the groin.   

Illustration showing a body during thoracic endovascular aortic repair for a thoracic aortic aneurysm

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) 

TEVAR of the thoracic aorta is performed using an endovascular stent graft. The thoracic stent graft is placed within the aneurysm to relieve pressure on the damaged vessel wall by enabling blood flow to bypass the aneurysm. 

The procedure is performed using long, thin tubes (catheters) to deliver the thoracic stent graft into the aneurysm through small incisions in the groin.

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References

1

Cedars-Sinai. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Available at: https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/t/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm.html. Accessed July 28, 2020.

2

John Hopkins Medicine. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Available at: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm. Accessed July 28, 2020.